Chad's primarily agricultural economy will continue to be boosted by major oilfield and pipeline projects that began in 2000. Over 80% of Chad's population rely on subsistence farming and stock raising for its livelihood. Cotton, cattle, and gum arabic provide the bulk of Chad's export earnings, but Chad began exporting oil in 2004. Chad's economy has long been handicapped by its landlocked position, high-energy costs, and a history of instability. Chad relies on foreign assistance and foreign capital for most public and private sector investment projects. A consortium led by two US companies has been investing $3.7 billion to develop oil reserves estimated at 1 billion barrels in southern Chad. Oil production came on stream in late 2003.

In the 1913 French conquest of Chad. And In 1960, Chad became an independent country, with Francois Tombabaye as its first president. Northern dissatisfaction with President Tombalbaye - a Christian southerner - revolt and develops into a fully-fledged guerrilla war with the help of weapons supplied by Libya in the 1966. Fighting broke out again in Chad in March 1980, when Defense Minister Hissen Habré challenged Goukouni and seized the capital. And 1982 - Habre's troops capture the capital, N'Djamena. In the 1996, Deby wins Chad's first multi-party presidential election and was reelected again in 2001.
In January 2002, Government and Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJT) rebels sign Libyan-brokered peace deal intended to end three-year civil war, but it failed to put an end to the fighting. And in 2003 Government signs peace deal with National Resistance Army (ANR) rebels, active in the east.
On February 2004 Thousands of Sudanese refugees arrive in Chad to escape fighting in Darfur region of western Sudan. In 2005, Transparency International listed Chad as the world's most corrupt country. On April 2006, a coup to oust Deby was averted with the help of French troops stationed in the country. And in May, President Deby is declared the winner of presidential elections.